Becket Bedford

Counsel

No 5 Chambers'

The Distribution of the Burden of Proof in Refugee Case Law and Tier One Entrepreneur Visas

The Burden of Proof

JK v Sweden

AM v Zimbabwe

Kiarie v Byndloss

The Qualification Directive

Art 4.5 Par 339L Imm Rules

Burden of Proof and the Secretary of State

Already qualified as a refugee

UK position opposed to Strasbourg

Kakaj 2001 "Real Risk"

Strasbourg Art 3 is the same test as UK

Strasbourg test developed in JK Sweden

Par 186 and 187 "where evidence is adduced"

Two stage test to Art 3 protection claim

LJ Sale "Adducing evidence capable of proving"

AM v Zimbabwe 2018 Cof A

Standards of Proof

Criminal

Civil

Refugee

s 94 Unfounded Certification cases

Kiarie v Bindloss Par 35 and 54

Uncertified Prima Facie arguable cases

JK v Sweden

Members of targeted groups Par 103,105

Par 94 "Real risk " and "Chance of harm"

Par 97 Reverse Burden of Proof ,Art 3 Protections

Qualification Directive 339 L

Satisfying conditions 5A to E

KS and the Supreme Court

A to E and Documentary Evidence

Nullifying the A to E requirements

You can contact Becket Bedford via

[email protected]