Amanda is a specialist in immigration and public law. She has advised and appeared in
numerous immigration matters in the Court of Appeal, and in the Administrative Court on
appeals, judicial review and injunctions.
Here Amanda provides a critical update on the mechanics of how Modern Slavery is dealt
with in the courts of England and Wales today. She refers to Statutory Guidance, highlighting
key definitions. She goes on to explain how modern slavery can impact immigration matters,
by interacting with asylum claims. She then moves on to explain recent changes to new
immigration restrictions that have impacted modern slavery protections. She ends by
outlining potential cases where modern slavery and trafficking are relevant.


Key Words/Topics
Modern Slavery Act 2015
Slavery, servitude, and forced or compulsory labour
Human trafficking
Slavery and Trafficking Prevention Orders (STPOs)
Risk Orders (STROs)
An Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner
National Referral Mechanism (NRM) and Immigration Status
Single Competent Authority (SCA)
Immigration Enforcement Competent Authority (IECA)
A positive Reasonable Grounds (RG) decision)
A positive Conclusive Grounds (CG) decision
Temporary Permission to Stay (VTS) for Confirmed Victims
Asylum claims
Nationality and Borders Act 2022
Illegal Migration Act 2023
Detention and Removal Considerations
Adults at Risk
Duty to Notify and First Responders in the Immigration System
Trauma-informed practice
Asylum/ Article 3 ECHR
Article 3 ECHR medical
Stigma (especially in sex trafficking)
Debt bondage
Very significant obstacles to integration
Best interests of children
Judicial review of negative reasonable/conclusive grounds decisions.
Judicial review of provision of accommodation/support
The Modern Slavery Victim Care Contract.
Reasonableness of moving a victim from NASS accommodation